This is Popper's grandparent problem.

Note that I goofed with this a little. The relation should not be named
grandparent/2 but f/2 in order to give as few clues as possible.
The hints of mother/2 and father/2 would be enough hint of the relationship.

But it's quite impressive anyhow.

hakank.
'''
Here is another type of problem. Here are some background data in the form of Prolog facts:

mother(ann,amy).
mother(ann,andy).
mother(amy,amelia).
mother(linda,gavin).
father(steve,amy).
father(steve,andy).
father(gavin,amelia).
father(andy,spongebob).

And then some positive and negative examples as before.
pos(grandparent(ann,amelia)).
pos(grandparent(steve,amelia)).
pos(grandparent(ann,spongebob)).
pos(grandparent(steve,spongebob)).
pos(grandparent(linda,amelia)).
neg(grandparent(amy,amelia)).
'''


GPT4:
'''
Based on the background data and examples provided, the pattern seems to be that a person is considered a grandparent if they are a parent of one of the parents of the child in question. More specifically:

    ann is a grandparent of amelia because ann is the mother of amy, who is the mother of amelia.
    steve is a grandparent of amelia because steve is the father of amy, who is the mother of amelia.
    ann is a grandparent of spongebob because ann is the mother of andy, who is the father of spongebob.
    steve is a grandparent of spongebob because steve is the father of andy, who is the father of spongebob.
    linda is a grandparent of amelia because linda is the mother of gavin, who is the father of amelia.

On the other hand:

    amy is not a grandparent of amelia because amy is the mother of amelia, not a parent of one of amelia's parents.


'''

hakank:
'''
Please show Prolog and Python3 code for this.
'''

GPT4:
'''
Sure, here's the Prolog code and Python code for determining if someone is a grandparent:

Prolog code:

prolog

grandparent(X, Y) :- mother(X, Z), mother(Z, Y).
grandparent(X, Y) :- mother(X, Z), father(Z, Y).
grandparent(X, Y) :- father(X, Z), mother(Z, Y).
grandparent(X, Y) :- father(X, Z), father(Z, Y).

Python code:

python

def grandparent(x, y, relationships):
    for rel1 in relationships:
        if rel1[0] == x:
            for rel2 in relationships:
                if rel2[0] == rel1[2] and rel2[2] == y:
                    return True
    return False


relationships = [
    ("mother", "ann", "amy"),
    ("mother", "ann", "andy"),
    ("mother", "amy", "amelia"),
    ("mother", "linda", "gavin"),
    ("father", "steve", "amy"),
    ("father", "steve", "andy"),
    ("father", "gavin", "amelia"),
    ("father", "andy", "spongebob"),
]

# Test cases
print(grandparent("ann", "amelia", relationships))  # True
print(grandparent("steve", "amelia", relationships))  # True
print(grandparent("ann", "spongebob", relationships))  # True
print(grandparent("steve", "spongebob", relationships))  # True
print(grandparent("linda", "amelia", relationships))  # True
print(grandparent("amy", "amelia", relationships))  # False

The Prolog code defines the grandparent relationship using the mother and father relationships. The Python code, on the other hand, implements a grandparent function that takes two individuals and a list of relationships and determines if the first individual is a grandparent of the second individual.
'''

hakank
'''
Can you make the Prolog code with fewer predicates?

Certainly! You can combine the mother and father relationships into a
single parent relationship and use that in the grandparent predicate.
Here's the simplified Prolog code:

prolog

parent(X, Y) :- mother(X, Y).
parent(X, Y) :- father(X, Y).

grandparent(X, Y) :- parent(X, Z), parent(Z, Y).

This Prolog code first defines a parent relationship that includes both
mother and father relationships. Then, it defines the grandparent
relationship using the parent relationship. This results in a more
concise Prolog code.
'''

However, GPT could not get the Python code correct.
I prints false on each of the instances.

The updated version printed False on all the positive examples and True on
the negative examples. Interesting...

And then it generated a couple of more incorrect programs without getting it
correct.

But the analysis was correct. As mentioned above, perhaps the predicate
name grandparent/2 made it too easy?